The effect of the stiffener pitch on the stress-strain state of the crane beam elements

Introduction. A study of the stress-strain state of split crane beams was carried out, the features of loading from the crane rollers and the effect on the stress-strain state of crane beam elements in terms of formation of fatigue cracks in the upper compressed zone of the wall were highlighted. The main objective of the study is to search for the features of the crane beam construction of cranes with heavy operation mode, to search for methods of modernization of design features in order to prevent/minimize the development of fatigue cracks.

Materials and methods. The research is based on long-term experience in the operation of crane beams of heavy and especially heavy operating modes of cranes, data from conclusions based on the results of surveys of building structures, conclusions on industrial safety of hazardous production facilities, scientific publications. Based on the design schemes of existing and actually operated crane beams of the metallurgical enterprise, a computational model of the structure under study was developed in the computational complex of strength analysis of structures by the method of finite element analysis.

Results. The stress-strain state of crane beam structures of cranes with heavy and especially heavy operating modes is analyzed, the influence of the position of the crane roller on the condition of various parts of the crane beam structure: walls, belts and ribs is studied. The regularity in the work of structural elements is derived when the frequency of the transverse ribs of crane beams changes. Assumptions are made to solve the strength problem of the formation of unacceptable fatigue cracks in the upper compressed zone of the crane beam wall.

Conclusions. Based on the results of numerical analysis of the stress-strain state of the crane beam construction model, data are presented indicating the previously unknown peculiarities of crane beams operation. A hypothesis is given for solving the strength problem of the formation of unacceptable fatigue cracks in the upper compressed zone of the crane beam wall.

1. Vydrin V.N., Zubko O.V. The most characteristic defects and damages of metal crane beams operated during the examination of industrial safety. Symbol of Science : International Scientific Journal. 2015; 10-2:102-109. EDN SMKQEM. (rus.).

2. Xie Y. Anti-fatigue performance analysis on steel crane beam. Sensors & Transducers. 2013; 21(Special Issue):73-77.

3. Sowa L., Skrzypczak T., Kwiatoń P. The effect of the gantry crane beam cross section on the level of generated stresses. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018; 157:02047. DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/201815702047

4. Rykaluk K., Marcinczak K., Rowinski S. Fatigue hazards in welded plate crane runway girders — Locations, causes and calculations. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering. 2018; 18(1):69-82. DOI: 10.1016/j.acme.2017.05.003

5. Danilov A., Tusnina O. Non-disruptive method to decrease stresses in the web of the crane beam. E3S Web of Conferences. 2021; 263:02022. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202126302022

6. Hong Y., Lu Y., Zheng Z. Initiation and propagation of short fatigue cracks in a weld metal. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures. 1989; 12(4):323-331. DOI: 10.1016/0142-1123(89)90268-5

7. Meng D., Li G., Tan D., Yang S. Finite element analysis on crane girder with variable cross sections based on ANSYS. Sensors & Transducers. 2013; 21(Special Issue):89-94.

8. Krakhmalnyy T., Evtushenko S. Defects and damages of metal crane beams of industrial buildings. Construction and Architecture. 2021; 9(3):11-15. DOI: 10.29039/2308-0191-2021-9-3-11-15 EDN BTXPAR. (rus.).

9. Babkin V.I. Assessment of cyclic crack resistance of welded crane beams of heavy duty operation : dis. …cand. tech. sciences. Moscow, 1985; 164. (rus.).

10. Dovzhenko A.S. Causes of destruction of the upper belt seams of crane beams. Materials on Steel Structures. 1958; 2:195-209. (rus.).

11. Shuryn A., Mukhin A., Bryantsev A. Defects of steel crane beams and methods of their strengthening. E3S Web of Conferences. 2020; 212:02016. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202021202016

12. Patrikeev A.B. On the mechanism of destruction of the upper sections of steel crane beams. Industrial Construction. 1971; 5:38-43. (rus.).

13. Dmitrieva O.A., Novikova M.A., Tarasova D.A. Welded crane beams — calculation problems and causes of destruction. X All-Russian Science Festival : collection of reports. 2020; 34-37. EDN UEJOFW. (rus.).

14. Nezhdanov K.N., Kuzmishkin A.A., Garkin I.N. Prevention of fatigue cracks in the rail junction node crane beams. Modern Problems of Science and Education. 2015; 1-1:161. EDN VIDVIX. (rus.).

15. Kubasevich A.E. Stability of crane girder walls with fatigue cracks in the compressed belt zone. Bulletin of Civil Engineers. 2020; 4(81):47-53. DOI: 10.23968/1999-5571-2020-17-4-47-53. EDN OSJUXJ. (rus.).

16. Moskvichev V.V., Сhaban E.A. Investigation of the stress-strain state of crane beams in normal ope-rating modes. Journal of Siberian Federal University. Engineering & Technologies. 2016; 9(4):572-584. DOI: 10.17516/1999-494X-2016-9-4-572-584. EDN WBXECR. (rus.).

17. Sklyadnev A.I., Serdyuk V.V. Fatigue durability and the measure of damage to the upper zone of the wall of welded crane beams. Occupational Safety in Industry. 2004; 11:34-36. EDN JVVWQP. (rus.).

18. Belyaev B.I., Kornienko V.S. Causes of acci-dents of steel structures and ways to eliminate them. Moscow, Stroyizdat, 1986; 206. (rus.).

19. Zheleznov A.A. Local stability of the walls of welded crane beams with cracks : dis. … cand. tech. sciences. Novosibirsk, 1996; 144. (rus.).

20. Kikin A.I., Egleskaln Y.S. The results of the survey of crane structures designed according to current standards. Industrial Construction. 1968; 12:38-39. (rus.).

21. Belyy G.I., Kubasevich A.E. The effect of geometric imperfections of the compressed belt on the bearing capacity of crane beams with fatigue cracks in the wall. Bulletin of Civil Engineers. 2022; 3(92):14-20. DOI: 10.23968/1999-5571-2022-19-3-14-20. EDN GERMUB. (rus.).

22. Cherkashin E.G. Investigation of the influence of ways to strengthen the upper zone of the crane beams wall. Bulletin of Magistracy. 2022; 5-1(128):29-32. EDN HYQWLG. (rus.).

23. Saburov V.F., Serebrennikova E.N., Ferder A.V. On the specifics of the formation of stress-strain state of the wall of crane beams during crane movement. Bulletin of SUSU. Series “Construction Engineering and Architecture”. 2022; 22(2):14-20. DOI: 10.14529/build220202. EDN HTBLJC. (rus.).

24. Chalkov G.V. Stresses in the walls of crane beams of increased resource at local torsion of the upper belt : dis. …cand. tech. sciences. Novosibirsk, 2012; 175. (rus.).

25. Lampsi B.B., Lampsi B.B., Markina Yu.D. Reinforcement of steel crane beams during technological process modernization. Privolzhsky Scientific Journal. 2022; 2(62):24-28. EDN LBFVVY. (rus.).

26. Lampsi B.B., Khisamova L.D., Khazov P.A. Estimated fatigue life of a steel crane girder. Privolzhsky Scientific Journal. 2021; 1(57):18-24. EDN JXTMTH. (rus.).

27. Emelyanov O.V., Minnatov A.R. Influence of the eccentricity of the load transfer from the wheel of the bridge crane on the stress state of the crane beam wall. Current problems of modern science, technology and education : abstracts of the 79th international scientific and technical conference. 2021; 452. EDN IQXXZD. (rus.).